Zonations/Formations
This section will describe how to use formations for different k-layers of a case, and how to use well picks/zonations for ranges of measured depths of a well path.
Formations for k-layers
Formation information can be utilized in ResInsight as cell colors, used in property filters and are displayed in the Result info panel when selecting single cells.
To use this functionality you will need to :
- Import one or more Formation Names file(s)
- Select the correct Formation Names file in the Case of interest
Import of Formation Names Files
Formation Names files can be imported by using the command: File->Import->Import Formation Names.
Supported Formation Names files are:
- Formation Names description files (
*.lyr) - FMU Layer Zone Table (
layer_zone_table.txt)
To select the appropriate file type, use the button to the right of file name in the Import Formation Names dialog. The imported Formation Names files are then listed in the Project Tree in a folder named Formations.
Formation Names description files (*.lyr)
Formation Names description files (*.lyr) consist of a list of entries containing formation name, k-range, and optionally a formation color.
Formation color can be given as a World Wide Web Consortium SVG color keyword name
or a six-digit, three-byte hexadecimal number used in HTML, CSS, SVG, and other computing applications to represent the red, green and
blue components of the color, c.f. example below:
-- Any text as comment
'My First Formation Name' 4 - 12 red
'My Second Formation Name' 15 - 17 green
'Formation spanning 3 k-layers, i.e. 18,19 and 20' 3 blue
'Last Formation Name' 21 - 21 #FFFF00
FMU Layer Zone Table (layer_zone_table.txt)
The FMU Layer Zone Table (layer_zone_table.txt) contains two columns to correlate each grid k-layer with a formation name.
Below is an example of a layer_zone_table.txt file:
1 UpperReek
2 UpperReek
3 UpperReek
4 UpperReek
5 UpperReek
6 MidReek
7 MidReek
8 MidReek
9 MidReek
10 MidReek
11 LowerReek
12 LowerReek
13 LowerReek
14 LowerReek
Select the Formation File in a Case
If only one formation file is imported, the formation will automatically be set in the active view’s case. If more than one formation file is imported at once, or if a case must change formation file, the formation file for a case can be set later on. This option is available in the Property Editor for a case. The formation is selected in the combo box for property Formation Names File.
Reload of formation data
If the formation file is modified outside ResInsight, the formation data can be imported again by the right-click menu Formations->Reload. This command will import formations for the selected formation files.
Viewing the Formation Information
Formations in 3D View
The formations can be visualized as a result property in Cell Results, Cell Edge Result, and Separate Fault Result. When selected, a special legend displaying formation names is activated.
Property Filter Based on Formations
Formation names are available in Property Filters as Result Type Formation Names. This makes it easy to filter geometry based on formation specifications.
See Cell Filters for details.
Picking in 3D View
Picking on a cell being part of a formation will display the formation name in the Result Info windows, in addition to other pick info for the cell.
Annotations on Plots
Formation can be used to annotate the following plot types:
For RFT and PLT Plots, Zonation/Formation Names can be found in the plot’s Property Editor. Tick “Show Formations” and choose the case with the desired formations.
In Well Log Plots and Well Allocation Plots, Zonation/Formation Names can be found in the Property Editor for a Track or Branch. In addition to choosing case, the path to show formations for must also be selected, as each track can have curves with data from more than one path.
Well Picks
Well Picks can be set for a single well path, defined on measured depths of the well path. Unlike formations for k-layers, formations for a well path can only be used to annotate plots. A well pick can be either a fluid or a formation.
Import of Well Pick Files
Well Pick files can be imported by using the command: File->Import->Well Data->Import Well Picks.
The user is asked to select *.csv files for import.
The imported Well Pick files will be added to their associated well path, if a match on well name can be found. If not, new paths will be created, and they can all be found in Wells in the Project Tree. The file path of the formations can be found in a well path’s Property Editor.
A Well Pick file is a csv-file, which uses semicolon to separate entries in a table. Below is an example of such a file:
Well name; Column name; Unit name; Top MD; Base MD
B-3H; FLUID; GAS;2203.2;2317.4
B-3H; FLUID; OIL;2317.4;2459
B-3H; STRAT; FANGST GP. ;2203.399902;2223.350098
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. ;2203.399902;2223.350098
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 3 ;2203.401123;2219.26001
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 2 ;2219.26001;2222.399902
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 2.2 ;2219.26;2219.350098
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 2.1 ;2219.350098;2222.399902
B-3H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 1 ;2222.399902;2223.350098
B-3H; STRAT; BAAT GP. ;2223.350098;2979.28125
B-3H; STRAT; Ror Fm. ;2223.350098;2285.199951
B-3H; STRAT; Ror Fm. 2 ;2223.350098;2246
B-3H; STRAT; Ror Fm. 1 ;2246;2285.199951
B-2H; FLUID; GAS;2144.4;2338.5
B-2H; FLUID; OIL;2338.5;2440
B-2H; STRAT; FANGST GP. ;2144.199951;2158.389893
B-2H; STRAT; Ile Fm. ;2144.199951;2158.389893
B-2H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 2 ;2144.201416;2156.197266
B-2H; STRAT; Ile Fm. 1 ;2156.197266;2158.38501
The file must have the columns “Well name”, “Unit name” (i.e. formation name), “Top MD” and “Base MD” (i.e. measured depth) to be regarded as a Well Pick file. They can be listed in any order, and all other columns will be ignorded.
The three unit names OIL, GAS and WATER are interpreted as fluids. Other unit names with only capital letters are groups. A unit name without an index is simply a formation. Unit names with one number is a formation 1, unit names with one punctuation is a formation 2, two punctuations, formation 3 and so on. Indentions in column name will be ignored.
Viewing the Well Picks
See Annotations on plots. Annotations are added to plots in the same way as for k-layered formations, but the source is different.
In the Property Editor, choose Well Path as Source, and all well paths with formations will be shown in the drop-down list below. All disjoint well picks for the chosen well path is shown on default. To reduce the number of annotations, the Well Pick Filter can be used.
The Well Pick Filter will show formations down to the specified level. If more there are more than one formation within 0.1m of an MD, only the lowermost formation is shown. Well picks interpreted as Fluids are only shown by ticking the Show Fluids mark.